This physics course explores the fundamentals of optics and thermodynamics. It covers light as an electromagnetic wave, the phenomena of reflection, refraction, diffraction, and polarization, as well as the fundamental laws of thermodynamics, gas transformations, and energy conservation, with practical applications. (automatic translation)
This physics course is based on an in-depth study of two major areas: optics and thermodynamics. The optics section deals with light as an electromagnetic wave described by Maxwell's equations, and analyzes various phenomena such as reflection on mirrors, refraction, diffraction, and polarization. At the same time, the course develops the fundamental principles of thermodynamics, emphasizing energy conservation, the difference between state variables and transfer variables, and the transformations of ideal gases. The concepts of heat capacity, degrees of molecular freedom, and isothermal or adiabatic processes are explained in detail. The teaching approach combines historical references, engineering examples, and the use of mind maps to facilitate understanding. (automatic translation)
